《三字经》 · San Zi Jing (Complete Bilingual Edition)

中文 + English · 全文保留 · Canonical Preservation

本页为《三字经》完整双语版：逐段保留原文，配以忠实英文译意，便于学习、朗读与长期保存（可上链存档）。

开篇 · Human Nature & Teaching 数与时 · Order of Heaven & Earth 山川与邦制 · Geography & Society 性情与声色 · Ethics, Nature & Sound 宗法与伦常 · Kinship & Social Order 六艺与文字 · Arts, Script & Teaching 经学之门 · Four Books & Six Classics 史学之门 · Histories & Annals 苦学立志 · Diligence & Exemplars 终章 · Admonitions & Aims
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开篇 · Human Nature & Teaching

人之初，性本善。 性相近，习相远。
At the beginning, human nature is good. Our natures are close; habits make us differ.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: At the beginning, human nature is good. Our natures are close; habits make us differ. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
苟不教，性乃迁。 教之道，贵以专。
Without education, nature is altered. The way to teach prizes focus and consistency.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Without education, nature is altered. The way to teach prizes focus and consistency. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
昔孟母，择邻处。 子不学，断机杼。
Mencius’ mother chose good neighbors; when he neglected study, she cut the loom to warn him.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Mencius’ mother chose good neighbors; when he neglected study, she cut the loom to warn him. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
窦燕山，有义方。 教五子，名俱扬。
Dou Yanshan had upright methods; teaching five sons, all gained renown.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Dou Yanshan had upright methods; teaching five sons, all gained renown. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
养不教，父之过。 教不严，师之惰。
Raising without teaching is the parent’s fault; lax discipline is the teacher’s sloth.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Raising without teaching is the parent’s fault; lax discipline is the teacher’s sloth. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
子不学，非所宜。 幼不学，老何为。
A child who won’t learn misses his time; if not in youth, what then in old age?
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: A child who won’t learn misses his time; if not in youth, what then in old age? Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
玉不琢，不成器。 人不学，不知义。
Jade uncarved is no vessel; people without learning do not know what is right.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Jade uncarved is no vessel; people without learning do not know what is right. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
为人子，方少时。 亲师友，习礼仪。
As children, be close to teachers and good friends; practice manners and rites.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: As children, be close to teachers and good friends; practice manners and rites. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
香九龄，能温席。 融四岁，能让梨。
Xiang at nine warmed the bed for his elders; Rong at four yielded the larger pear.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Xiang at nine warmed the bed for his elders; Rong at four yielded the larger pear. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
首孝悌，次见闻。 知某数，识某文。
Begin with filial piety and fraternal respect; then broaden knowledge—numbers and characters.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Begin with filial piety and fraternal respect; then broaden knowledge—numbers and characters. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
一而十，十而百。 百而千，千而万。
From one to ten, ten to a hundred, then to a thousand and ten thousand—step by step.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: From one to ten, ten to a hundred, then to a thousand and ten thousand—step by step. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.

数与时 · Order of Heaven & Earth

三才者，天地人。 三光者，日月星。
Three Powers: Heaven, Earth, Humanity. Three Lights: Sun, Moon, Stars.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Three Powers: Heaven, Earth, Humanity. Three Lights: Sun, Moon, Stars. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
三纲者，君臣义。 父子亲，夫妇顺。
Three Bonds: righteousness of ruler–subject, affection of father–son, harmony of husband–wife.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Three Bonds: righteousness of ruler–subject, affection of father–son, harmony of husband–wife. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
曰春夏，曰秋冬。 此四时，运不穷。
Spring and summer; autumn and winter—the four seasons run without end.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Spring and summer; autumn and winter—the four seasons run without end. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
曰南北，曰西东。 此四方，应乎中。
South and north; west and east—the four directions harmonize around the center.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: South and north; west and east—the four directions harmonize around the center. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
曰水火，木金土。 此五行，本乎数。
Water, fire, wood, metal, earth—the Five Elements follow ordered pattern.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Water, fire, wood, metal, earth—the Five Elements follow ordered pattern. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
十干者，甲至癸。 十二支，子至亥。
Ten Heavenly Stems: Jia to Gui. Twelve Earthly Branches: Zi to Hai.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Ten Heavenly Stems: Jia to Gui. Twelve Earthly Branches: Zi to Hai. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
曰黄道，日所躔。 曰赤道，当中权。
The ecliptic is the sun’s path; the equator is the central line.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The ecliptic is the sun’s path; the equator is the central line. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
赤道下，温暖极。 我中华，在东北。
Under the equator, it is very warm; our China lies to the northeast.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Under the equator, it is very warm; our China lies to the northeast. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
寒燠均，霜露改。 右高原，左大海。
Cold and heat balance, frost and dew change; highlands to the right, vast seas to the left.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Cold and heat balance, frost and dew change; highlands to the right, vast seas to the left. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?

山川与邦制 · Geography & Society

曰江河，曰淮济。 此四渎，水之纪。
Yangtze and Yellow; Huai and Ji—four great waterways, the order of rivers.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Yangtze and Yellow; Huai and Ji—four great waterways, the order of rivers. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
曰岱华，嵩恒衡。 此五岳，山之名。
Tai, Hua, Song, Heng, and Heng—the Five Sacred Peaks.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Tai, Hua, Song, Heng, and Heng—the Five Sacred Peaks. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
古九州，今改制， 称行省，三十五。
The ancient Nine Provinces; later reformed to thirty-five circuits/provinces.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The ancient Nine Provinces; later reformed to thirty-five circuits/provinces. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
曰士农，曰工商。 此四民，国之良。
Scholars, farmers, artisans, merchants—four estates that support the realm.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Scholars, farmers, artisans, merchants—four estates that support the realm. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?

性情与声色 · Ethics, Nature & Sound

曰仁义，礼智信。 此五常，不容紊。
Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, trust—the Five Constants admit no confusion.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, trust—the Five Constants admit no confusion. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
地所生，有草木。 此植物，遍水陆。
Earth gives grass and trees—plants spread over land and water.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Earth gives grass and trees—plants spread over land and water. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
有虫鱼，有鸟兽。 此动物，能飞走。
There are insects and fish, birds and beasts—creatures that fly and run.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: There are insects and fish, birds and beasts—creatures that fly and run. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
稻粱菽，麦黍稷。 此六谷，人所食。
Rice, millet, beans; wheat, sorghum, broomcorn—six grains that people eat.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Rice, millet, beans; wheat, sorghum, broomcorn—six grains that people eat. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Before eating, thank the farmers and all hands who brought food to the table.
  • Name the ingredients in tonight’s meal and avoid waste together.
马牛羊，鸡犬豕。 此六畜，人所饲。
Horse, ox, sheep; chicken, dog, pig—six domesticated animals.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Horse, ox, sheep; chicken, dog, pig—six domesticated animals. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Before eating, thank the farmers and all hands who brought food to the table.
  • Name the ingredients in tonight’s meal and avoid waste together.
曰喜怒，曰哀惧。 爱恶欲，七情俱。
Joy and anger; sorrow and fear; love, hate, desire—the seven emotions.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Joy and anger; sorrow and fear; love, hate, desire—the seven emotions. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
青赤黄，及黑白。 此五色，目所识。
Blue, red, yellow, and black and white—five colors seen by the eye.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Blue, red, yellow, and black and white—five colors seen by the eye. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
酸苦甘，及辛咸。 此五味，口所含。
Sour, bitter, sweet, and pungent, salty—five tastes sensed by the mouth.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Sour, bitter, sweet, and pungent, salty—five tastes sensed by the mouth. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
膻焦香，及腥朽。 此五臭，鼻所嗅。
Rank, scorched, fragrant, and fishy, rotten—five smells perceived by the nose.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Rank, scorched, fragrant, and fishy, rotten—five smells perceived by the nose. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
匏土革，木石金。 丝与竹，乃八音。
Gourd, clay, hide; wood, stone, metal; silk and bamboo—eight sound materials.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Gourd, clay, hide; wood, stone, metal; silk and bamboo—eight sound materials. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
曰平上，曰去入。 此四声，宜调协。
Level, rising, departing, entering—the four tones to tune in harmony.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Level, rising, departing, entering—the four tones to tune in harmony. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.

宗法与伦常 · Kinship & Social Order

高曾祖，父而身。 身而子，子而孙。
Great-great-grandparents to grandparents to parents to oneself; then to sons and grandsons.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Great-great-grandparents to grandparents to parents to oneself; then to sons and grandsons. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
自子孙，至玄曾。 乃九族，人之伦。
From children and grandchildren to great-great-grandchildren—the nine kinship degrees.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: From children and grandchildren to great-great-grandchildren—the nine kinship degrees. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
父子恩，夫妇从。 兄则友，弟则恭。
Kindness between father and son; accord between husband and wife; friendship of elder brother, respect of younger.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Kindness between father and son; accord between husband and wife; friendship of elder brother, respect of younger. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
长幼序，友与朋。 君则敬，臣则忠。
Order between old and young; friendship among peers; respect as subjects, loyalty as ministers.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Order between old and young; friendship among peers; respect as subjects, loyalty as ministers. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
此十义，人所同。 当师叙，勿违背。
These ten duties are common to all; learn them from teachers—do not go against them.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: These ten duties are common to all; learn them from teachers—do not go against them. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
斩齐衰，大小功。 至缌麻，五服终。
Mourning grades: from deepest to light; five degrees of mourning complete the rites.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Mourning grades: from deepest to light; five degrees of mourning complete the rites. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).

六艺与文字 · Arts, Script & Teaching

礼乐射，御书数。 古六艺，今不具。
Rites, music, archery, charioteering, writing, arithmetic—the six ancient arts, now seldom all mastered.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Rites, music, archery, charioteering, writing, arithmetic—the six ancient arts, now seldom all mastered. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
  • Trace one character slowly and say its meaning; compare forms if possible.
惟书学，人共遵。 既识字，讲说文。
Among them, letters all follow; once knowing characters, study their forms and meanings.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Among them, letters all follow; once knowing characters, study their forms and meanings. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Trace one character slowly and say its meaning; compare forms if possible.
有古文，大小篆。 隶草继，不可乱。
Ancient script, large and small seal; then clerical and cursive—do not confuse them.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Ancient script, large and small seal; then clerical and cursive—do not confuse them. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Trace one character slowly and say its meaning; compare forms if possible.
  • Label one household item in Chinese and English; review it tomorrow.
若广学，惧其繁。 但略说，能知原。
If learning widely seems too much, a brief account can show the roots.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: If learning widely seems too much, a brief account can show the roots. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
凡训蒙，须讲究。 详训诂，明句读。
To teach beginners, explain words and meanings; make pauses and sentences clear.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: To teach beginners, explain words and meanings; make pauses and sentences clear. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.

经学之门 · Four Books & Six Classics

为学者，必有初。 小学终，至四书。
Study proceeds stepwise: after elementary, reach the Four Books.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Study proceeds stepwise: after elementary, reach the Four Books. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
论语者，二十篇。 群弟子，记善言。
The Analects—twenty books—recorded good sayings of disciples.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The Analects—twenty books—recorded good sayings of disciples. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
孟子者，七篇止。 讲道德，说仁义。
Mencius—seven books—on virtue and benevolence.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Mencius—seven books—on virtue and benevolence. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
作中庸，乃孔伋。 中不偏，庸不易。
The Doctrine of the Mean by Zisi: balance without bias; constancy without change.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The Doctrine of the Mean by Zisi: balance without bias; constancy without change. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
作大学，乃曾子。 自修齐，至平治。
The Great Learning by Zengzi: from self-cultivation and family order to peace and governance.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The Great Learning by Zengzi: from self-cultivation and family order to peace and governance. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
孝经通，四书熟。 如六经，始可读。
After mastering the Classic of Filial Piety and the Four Books, then read the Six Classics.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: After mastering the Classic of Filial Piety and the Four Books, then read the Six Classics. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
诗书易，礼春秋。 号六经，当讲求。
Odes, Documents, Changes; Rites, Spring and Autumn—called the Six Classics—should be studied deeply.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Odes, Documents, Changes; Rites, Spring and Autumn—called the Six Classics—should be studied deeply. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
有连山，有归藏。 有周易，三易详。
Lianshan, Guicang, and Zhou Changes—three versions of the Changes.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Lianshan, Guicang, and Zhou Changes—three versions of the Changes. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
  • Retell the story in 5 sentences; note a ‘good choice’ moment.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
有典谟，有训诰。 有誓命，书之奥。
Canon, counsel, instructions, announcements, oaths, commands—the profundity of the Documents.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Canon, counsel, instructions, announcements, oaths, commands—the profundity of the Documents. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
  • Retell the story in 5 sentences; note a ‘good choice’ moment.
我周公，作周礼。 著六官，存治体。
Duke of Zhou composed the Rites of Zhou, setting six offices and the structure of order.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Duke of Zhou composed the Rites of Zhou, setting six offices and the structure of order. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
大小戴，注礼记。 述圣言，礼乐备。
Great and Lesser Dai annotated the Record of Rites—preserving ritual and music.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Great and Lesser Dai annotated the Record of Rites—preserving ritual and music. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Rehearse a respectful bow or handshake; speak slowly and clearly.
  • Make ‘please and thank you’ a mealtime ritual.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
曰国风，曰雅颂。 号四诗，当讽咏。
Airs of States, Lesser and Greater Court Hymns, Eulogies—four parts of the Odes to chant.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Airs of States, Lesser and Greater Court Hymns, Eulogies—four parts of the Odes to chant. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
  • Retell the story in 5 sentences; note a ‘good choice’ moment.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
诗既亡，春秋作。 寓褒贬，别善恶。
When lost in Odes, the Spring and Autumn Annals arose—praise and blame implied to distinguish good and evil.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: When lost in Odes, the Spring and Autumn Annals arose—praise and blame implied to distinguish good and evil. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
三传者，有公羊。 有左氏，有谷梁。
Its three commentaries: Gongyang, Zuo, and Guliang.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Its three commentaries: Gongyang, Zuo, and Guliang. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.

史学之门 · Histories & Annals

经既明，方读子。 撮其要，记其事。
After the Classics, read the Masters; grasp essentials and note events.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: After the Classics, read the Masters; grasp essentials and note events. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
五子者，有荀扬。 文中子，及老庄。
Among Five Masters: Xunzi and Yang Xiong; also Wenzhongzi, Laozi, and Zhuangzi.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Among Five Masters: Xunzi and Yang Xiong; also Wenzhongzi, Laozi, and Zhuangzi. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
经子通，读诸史。 考世系，知终始。
When Classics and Masters are clear, read histories; trace lineages, know beginnings and ends.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: When Classics and Masters are clear, read histories; trace lineages, know beginnings and ends. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
自羲农，至黄帝。 号三皇，居上世。
From Fuxi and Shennong to the Yellow Emperor—the Three Sovereigns of antiquity.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: From Fuxi and Shennong to the Yellow Emperor—the Three Sovereigns of antiquity. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
唐有虞，号二帝。 相揖逊，称盛世。
Yao and Shun, the Two Emperors, yielded the throne—an age of virtue.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Yao and Shun, the Two Emperors, yielded the throne—an age of virtue. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
夏有禹，商有汤。 周文武，称三王。
Xia had Yu; Shang had Tang; Zhou had Kings Wen and Wu—the Three Kings.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Xia had Yu; Shang had Tang; Zhou had Kings Wen and Wu—the Three Kings. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
夏传子，家天下。 四百载，迁夏社。
Xia passed rule to sons—family rule; after four hundred years the altar was moved (dynasty fell).
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Xia passed rule to sons—family rule; after four hundred years the altar was moved (dynasty fell). Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
汤伐夏，国号商， 六百载，至纣亡。
Tang overthrew Xia—state named Shang; after six centuries, it ended under Zhou.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Tang overthrew Xia—state named Shang; after six centuries, it ended under Zhou. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
周武王，始诛纣。 八百载，最长久。
King Wu of Zhou slew Zhou Xin; Zhou lasted eight hundred years—the longest.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: King Wu of Zhou slew Zhou Xin; Zhou lasted eight hundred years—the longest. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
周辙东，王纲坠。 逞干戈，尚游说。
Zhou shifted east; royal order declined; warfare and persuasion prevailed.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Zhou shifted east; royal order declined; warfare and persuasion prevailed. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
始春秋，终战国。 五霸强，七雄出。
From Spring and Autumn to Warring States; five hegemons, then seven powerful states.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: From Spring and Autumn to Warring States; five hegemons, then seven powerful states. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Go outside and name what you notice: wind, clouds, direction, moon phase.
  • Start a quick ‘season journal’: draw one sign of today’s season.
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
嬴秦氏，始兼并。 传二世，楚汉争。
Qin united realms; after two rulers, Chu and Han contended.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Qin united realms; after two rulers, Chu and Han contended. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
高祖兴，汉业建。 至孝平，王莽篡。
Gaozu rose and founded Han; by Emperor Ping, Wang Mang usurped.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Gaozu rose and founded Han; by Emperor Ping, Wang Mang usurped. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
光武兴，为东汉。 四百年，终于献。
Guangwu revived the dynasty as Eastern Han; four centuries ending with Emperor Xian.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Guangwu revived the dynasty as Eastern Han; four centuries ending with Emperor Xian. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
魏蜀吴，争汉鼎。 号三国，迄两晋。
Wei, Shu, Wu contended—Three Kingdoms—until the Two Jins.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Wei, Shu, Wu contended—Three Kingdoms—until the Two Jins. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
宋齐继，梁陈承。 为南朝，都金陵。
Song and Qi, then Liang and Chen—the Southern Dynasties with capital at Jinling.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Song and Qi, then Liang and Chen—the Southern Dynasties with capital at Jinling. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
北元魏，分东西。 宇文周，与高齐。
Northern Wei split east and west; Yuwen Zhou and Gao Qi (Northern Zhou and Northern Qi).
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Northern Wei split east and west; Yuwen Zhou and Gao Qi (Northern Zhou and Northern Qi). Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
迨至隋，一土宇。 不再传，失统绪。
Then Sui unified the land; but did not last to a second generation—lost continuity.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Then Sui unified the land; but did not last to a second generation—lost continuity. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
唐高祖，起义师。 除隋乱，创国基。
Tang Gaozu raised righteous troops; ended Sui turmoil and founded the state.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Tang Gaozu raised righteous troops; ended Sui turmoil and founded the state. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
二十传，三百载。 梁灭之，国乃改。
Twenty emperors over three centuries; Later Liang ended it, and the realm changed.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Twenty emperors over three centuries; Later Liang ended it, and the realm changed. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
梁唐晋，及汉周。 称五代，皆有由。
Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, Zhou—the Five Dynasties, each with causes.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, Zhou—the Five Dynasties, each with causes. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
炎宋兴，受周禅。 十八传，南北混。
Song arose, receiving abdication; eighteen reigns, north and south entangled.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Song arose, receiving abdication; eighteen reigns, north and south entangled. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
辽与金，皆称帝。 元灭金，绝宋世。
Liao and Jin both claimed emperors; Yuan destroyed Jin and ended Song.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Liao and Jin both claimed emperors; Yuan destroyed Jin and ended Song. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
舆图广，超前代。 九十年，国祚废。
The map grew wider than before; after ninety years the mandate failed.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: The map grew wider than before; after ninety years the mandate failed. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
太祖兴，国大明。 号洪武，都金陵。
Taizu founded the great Ming—Hongwu reign—capital at Jinling.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Taizu founded the great Ming—Hongwu reign—capital at Jinling. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
迨成祖，迁燕京。 十六世，至崇祯。
Under Chengzu the capital moved to Yanjing; sixteen reigns to Chongzhen.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Under Chengzu the capital moved to Yanjing; sixteen reigns to Chongzhen. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
权阉肆，寇如林。 李闯出，神器焚。
Eunuch power ran rampant, bandits like a forest; Li Zicheng rose, the imperial regalia burned.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Eunuch power ran rampant, bandits like a forest; Li Zicheng rose, the imperial regalia burned. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
清世祖，膺景命。 靖四方，克大定。
Qing Shizu received the mandate; pacified the realm and achieved great stability.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Qing Shizu received the mandate; pacified the realm and achieved great stability. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
由康雍，历乾嘉， 民安富，治绩夸。
Through Kangxi and Yongzheng to Qianlong and Jiaqing—the people prospered, governance praised.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Through Kangxi and Yongzheng to Qianlong and Jiaqing—the people prospered, governance praised. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
道咸间，变乱起， 始英法，扰都鄙。
In Daoguang and Xianfeng, upheavals began; Britain and France disturbed city and countryside.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: In Daoguang and Xianfeng, upheavals began; Britain and France disturbed city and countryside. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
同光后，宣统弱， 传九帝，满清殁。
After Tongzhi and Guangxu, Xuantong was weak; after nine emperors, Qing ended.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: After Tongzhi and Guangxu, Xuantong was weak; after nine emperors, Qing ended. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
革命兴，废帝制， 立宪法，建民国。
Revolution rose, abolished the monarchy; established constitution and the republic.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Revolution rose, abolished the monarchy; established constitution and the republic. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
古今史，全在兹。 载治乱，知兴衰。
Ancient and modern history is here; recording order and chaos to know rise and fall.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Ancient and modern history is here; recording order and chaos to know rise and fall. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
  • Retell the story in 5 sentences; note a ‘good choice’ moment.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
史虽繁，读有次。 史记一，汉书二。
Though histories are many, read in order: first Records of the Historian, second Book of Han.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Though histories are many, read in order: first Records of the Historian, second Book of Han. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Find a child‑friendly story from the Classics (library or online).
  • Retell the story in 5 sentences; note a ‘good choice’ moment.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
后汉三，国志四。 兼证经，参通鉴。
Third Later Han, fourth Records of the Three Kingdoms; verify with the Classics and consult the Comprehensive Mirror.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Third Later Han, fourth Records of the Three Kingdoms; verify with the Classics and consult the Comprehensive Mirror. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
读史者，考实录。 通古今，若亲目。
Readers of history examine true records; then understand past and present as if seen firsthand.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Readers of history examine true records; then understand past and present as if seen firsthand. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?

苦学立志 · Diligence & Exemplars

口而诵，心而惟。 朝于斯，夕于斯。
Recite with the mouth, ponder with the heart—morning and night.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Recite with the mouth, ponder with the heart—morning and night. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
昔仲尼，师项橐。 古圣贤，尚勤学。
Confucius once learned from Xiang Tuo; sages and worthies valued diligent study.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Confucius once learned from Xiang Tuo; sages and worthies valued diligent study. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
赵中令，读鲁论。 彼既仕，学且勤。
Zhao Zhongling studied the Analects of Lu; though in office, he still studied diligently.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Zhao Zhongling studied the Analects of Lu; though in office, he still studied diligently. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
披蒲编，削竹简。 彼无书，且知勉。
Unrolling rush manuscripts, carving bamboo slips—without books, they still strove.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Unrolling rush manuscripts, carving bamboo slips—without books, they still strove. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Trace one character slowly and say its meaning; compare forms if possible.
  • Label one household item in Chinese and English; review it tomorrow.
头悬梁，锥刺股。 彼不教，自勤苦。
Hanging hair from a beam, pricking the thigh—without supervision they toiled on their own.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Hanging hair from a beam, pricking the thigh—without supervision they toiled on their own. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
  • Pick one figure and ask: what virtue do we learn?
如囊萤，如映雪。 家虽贫，学不辍。
Like gathering fireflies, reading by snow-light—though poor, they did not stop learning.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Like gathering fireflies, reading by snow-light—though poor, they did not stop learning. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
如负薪，如挂角。 身虽劳，犹苦卓。
Like bearing firewood, like hanging books on a horn—though weary, they persevered.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Like bearing firewood, like hanging books on a horn—though weary, they persevered. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
  • Place one event on a simple timeline; add a cause and an effect.
苏老泉，二十七。 始发奋，读书籍。
Su Laoquan at twenty-seven finally strove to study books.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Su Laoquan at twenty-seven finally strove to study books. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
彼既老，犹悔迟。 尔小生，宜早思。
He, already old, regretted being late; you young ones, reflect early.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: He, already old, regretted being late; you young ones, reflect early. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
  • Try a new food respectfully; describe its taste with two words.
若梁灏，八十二。 对大廷，魁多士。
Liang Hao at eighty-two took first in the imperial court among many scholars.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Liang Hao at eighty-two took first in the imperial court among many scholars. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
彼既成，众称异。 尔小生，宜立志。
He achieved success and was praised; you young ones, set your will.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: He achieved success and was praised; you young ones, set your will. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
莹八岁，能咏诗。 泌七岁，能赋棋。
Ying at eight could recite poems; Mi at seven could compose on chess.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Ying at eight could recite poems; Mi at seven could compose on chess. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
彼颖悟，人称奇。 尔幼学，当效之。
They were precocious, admired by all; in your youth, emulate them.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: They were precocious, admired by all; in your youth, emulate them. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
蔡文姬，能辨琴。 谢道韫，能咏吟。
Cai Wenji could discern the zither; Xie Daoyun could recite and compose.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Cai Wenji could discern the zither; Xie Daoyun could recite and compose. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
彼女子，且聪敏。 尔男子，当自警。
They were women yet clever and keen; you men should be more vigilant.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: They were women yet clever and keen; you men should be more vigilant. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.
唐刘晏，方七岁。 举神童，作正字。
Liu Yan of Tang at seven was named a prodigy and given an office to correct characters.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Liu Yan of Tang at seven was named a prodigy and given an office to correct characters. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Trace one character slowly and say its meaning; compare forms if possible.
  • Label one household item in Chinese and English; review it tomorrow.
彼虽幼，身已仕。 有为者，亦若是。
Though young, he served in office; those who strive can do likewise.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Though young, he served in office; those who strive can do likewise. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.

终章 · Admonitions & Aims

犬守夜，鸡司晨。 苟不学，曷为人。
Dogs guard the night and roosters announce dawn; if you do not study, what makes you human?
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Dogs guard the night and roosters announce dawn; if you do not study, what makes you human? Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Before eating, thank the farmers and all hands who brought food to the table.
蚕吐丝，蜂酿蜜。 人不学，不如物。
Silkworms spin silk and bees make honey; people without learning are not even as things.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Silkworms spin silk and bees make honey; people without learning are not even as things. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
  • Play a senses game: 3 colors, 2 sounds, 1 scent you can find now.
幼而学，壮而行。 上致君，下泽民。
Study when young, act when grown—serve the ruler above and benefit the people below.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Study when young, act when grown—serve the ruler above and benefit the people below. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
扬名声，显父母。 光于前，裕于后。
Raise your name to honor your parents; bring light to ancestors and abundance to descendants.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Raise your name to honor your parents; bring light to ancestors and abundance to descendants. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Greet elders morning and evening with eye contact and gentle tone.
  • Offer one small help today: pour water, carry a bag, tidy shoes.
人遗子，金满赢。 我教子，唯一经。
Some leave children riches; I teach my child one classic.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Some leave children riches; I teach my child one classic. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read it aloud once, then ask your child to explain it in one sentence.
  • Create a 20‑minute reading window; end by resetting the study corner.
勤有功，戏无益。 戒之哉，宜勉力。
Diligence brings achievement; play yields no benefit—be warned and strive.
🎓 Commentary
Meaning: Diligence brings achievement; play yields no benefit—be warned and strive. Parents can model it and help children turn it into a habit.
Parent tips:
  • Read together once, then whisper once. Ask: ‘What small thing can we do today?’ Do it.

Public domain text; bilingual rendering by ToadAid (faithful & concise for study). Version: 1.0.